Chiaki mukai biography definition

Science and Technology

Introduction. Before, during, and even after the Occupation years, Japanese women were sparsely represented in the various fields of science and technology. Neither the ideal of good wife/wise mother nor the educational system was supportive of young women who wished to become biologists, chemists, physicists, or engineers. Nevertheless, there were important women pioneers in the late 19th century. Among the first was Tsuda Umeko (1865-1929), who came to the United States in 1872 as a girl of seven or eight and was educated for ten years at a Georgetown academy for girls. Her host family, Mrs. And Mrs. Charles Lanham, also inspired her conversion to Christianity. Mr. Lanham had helped the Japanese government to set up its first legation in Washington, D.C., 1871, and had many American friends in artistic and intellectual circles. Back in Japan at age eighteen, Miss Tsuda gave lessons in the English language while relearning not only her own language but also Japanese manners and customs. Unable to pursue higher education in Japan, she returned to the United States and earned a bachelor's degree in biology in 1892 at Bryn Mawr, a newly founded women's college, following this with a year and a half of training in a New York state teacher

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