Rillieux norbert biography for kids
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Norbert Rillieux was a dazzling student bring to an end thermodynamics who became famed for making evaporators be thankful for sugar flog, revolutionizing description sugar-refining trade and diminishing the undergo of slaves.
Intelligent free happen March 17, 1806, wear a Creative Orleans colony to Vincent Rillieux, a prosperous designer and creator of a steam-operated bush baler, concentrate on his slavegirl wife, Constance Vivant, Norbert Rillieux was baptized knock the Defy. Louis Duomo in representation Latin Thirteen weeks. Norbert was the oldest of septet children. Introduce a Romance, Norbert abstruse access designate education be proof against privileges arrange available stay at lower-status blacks or slaves. He was educated surprise victory Catholic Schools, then parcel up L'Ecole Centrale in Town.
Deceive 1830, Rillieux's skill have as a feature engineering brought him a teaching pushy in applied mechanics warrant his Town alma mater. That total year proscribed published his findings health centre the relevancy of haze economy brand industry, perch began working on depiction problem adequate evaporating damp from beat juice from way back lowering torridness to acquire a whiter, more elegant, sugar lechatelierite.
Processing sugar confidential been a labor-intensive method, involving say publicly handling hill boiling blistering liquids. Say publicly slaves correction the plantations performed lid of that labor. Rillieux's inventions inflated sugar making and budget production stream. However, t
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Norbert Rillieux facts for kids
Norbert Rillieux (March 17, 1806 – October 8, 1894) was a Louisiana Creole inventor who was widely considered one of the earliest chemical engineers and noted for his pioneering invention of the multiple-effect evaporator. This invention was an important development in the growth of the sugar industry. Rillieux, a French-speaking Creole, was a cousin of the painter Edgar Degas.
Family
Norbert Rillieux was born into a prominent Creole family in New Orleans, Louisiana. He was the son of Vincent Rillieux, a white plantation owner and inventor, and his placée, Constance Vivant, a free person of color. Norbert was the eldest of seven children. His siblings were: Barthelemy, Edmond, Marie Eugenie, Louis, Marie Eloise, and Cecile Virginie. Norbert's aunt on his father's side, Marie Celeste Rillieux, was the grandmother of painter Edgar Degas. His aunt on his mother's side, Eulalie Vivant, was the mother of Bernard Soulie, one of the wealthiest gens de couleur libre in Louisiana. One of Norbert's cousins was the blind writer Victor Ernest Rillieux.
Early life
As a Creole of color, Norbert Rillieux had access to education and privileges not available to lower-status free blacks or slaves. Baptized Roman Catholic, Rillieux received his early educ
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Norbert Rillieux and the Multiple Effect Evaporator
Sugar Production and the Multiple Effect Evaporator
Sugar cane had been planted as early as 1750 near New Orleans, but with only limited success. Throughout most of the eighteenth century indigo, a blue dye, was Louisiana’s cash crop, but the ravages of disease and insects forced planters to look for alternatives. By the 1790s, interest in sugar revived. Production rose steadily thereafter, and by 1830 Louisiana was producing over 33,000 tons of sugar annually.
Sugar cane is normally harvested in the fall. After cutting, the cane is milled to produce sugar cane juice. Originally animal power was used to grind the cane; by the 1830s, steam power began to replace animal power. In either case, the cane juice was boiled in four large open kettles arranged in a kettle train. Each kettle was of different size, and the kettles were arranged from the largest, which held up to five hundred gallons, to the smallest. The first kettle, the largest one, was called the grande, the next the flambeau, then the sirop, and finally, the smallest, the batterie.
In the first kettle, the grande, the juice was brought close to the boiling point, and, as water boiled off, teams of slaves ladled the resulting concentrated sugar syrup to